Zhejiang H70 high strength brass rod H70 mold brass plate

Zhejiang High Strength Brass Rod Mold Brass Plate Brass is an alloy composed of copper and zinc. If brass is composed only of copper and zinc, it is called ordinary brass. If it is a variety of alloys composed of more than two elements, it is called special brass. Such as copper alloy composed of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, lead, iron and silicon. Brass has strong wear resistance. Special brass is also called special brass. It has high strength, hardness and strong chemical corrosion resistance. The mechanical properties of cutting processing are also outstanding. Seamless copper tubes drawn from brass are soft and wear-resistant. Brass seamless pipes can be used in heat exchangers and condensers, cryogenic pipelines, and submarine transportation pipes. Manufacture of sheets, bars, rods, tubes, cast parts, etc. Containing copper, it has strong plasticity and can be used to manufacture pressure-resistant equipment, etc.
Overview
If it is a variety of alloys composed of two or more elements, it is called special brass. Such as copper alloy composed of lead, tin, manganese, nickel, iron and silicon. Brass has strong wear resistance. Special brass is also called special brass. It has high strength, hardness and strong chemical corrosion resistance. The mechanical properties of cutting processing are also outstanding. Seamless copper tubes drawn from brass are soft and wear-resistant. Brass seamless pipes can be used in heat exchangers and condensers, cryogenic pipelines, and submarine transportation pipes. Manufacture of sheets, bars, rods, tubes, cast parts, etc. Containing copper, it has strong plasticity and can be used to manufacture pressure-resistant equipment, etc.
According to the different types of alloy elements contained in brass, brass is divided into two types: ordinary brass and special brass. Brass used for pressure processing is called deformed brass.
Brass is a copper alloy with zinc as the main added element. It has a beautiful yellow color and is collectively called brass. Copper-zinc binary alloy is called ordinary brass or simple brass. Brass with more than three elements is called special brass or complex brass. Brass alloys containing less than 3 zinc are composed of solid solutions and have good cold working properties. For example, brass containing zinc 3 is often used to make bullet cases, commonly known as bullet case brass or 73 brass. Brass alloys containing zinc between 3 and 3 are composed of solid solution. The most commonly used one is 64 brass containing zinc. In order to improve the performance of ordinary brass, other elements are often added, such as aluminum, nickel, manganese, tin, silicon, lead, etc. Aluminum can improve the strength, hardness and corrosion resistance of brass, but reduces the plasticity. It is suitable for use in condenser tubes and other corrosion-resistant parts for sea vessels. Tin can improve the strength of brass and its corrosion resistance to seawater, so it is called naval brass and is used for ship thermal equipment and propellers. Lead can improve the cutting properties of brass; this kind of easy-cut brass is often used as watch parts. Brass castings are commonly used to make valves and pipe fittings.
Room temperature structure
Ordinary brass is a copper-zinc binary alloy, and its zinc content varies widely, so its room temperature structure is also very different. According to the binary state diagram (picture), there are three types of room temperature structures of brass: Brass with a zinc content of less than 3. The microstructure at room temperature is composed of a single-phase solid solution, which is called brass with a zinc content of 3 to 3. Brass within the range, the microstructure at room temperature consists of (+b) two phases, called (+b) brass (two-phase brass) Brass containing zinc exceeding ~, the microstructure at room temperature Composed only of b phase, it is called b brass.
Pressure processing properties
Single-phase brass (from to) has good plasticity and can withstand hot and cold processing. However, single-phase brass is prone to medium-temperature brittleness during hot processing such as forging. Its specific temperature range It varies with the content, generally between ~℃. Therefore, the temperature during thermal processing should be higher than ℃. The main reason for the medium-temperature brittleness zone of single-phase brass is that there are three and two ordered compounds in the alloy system phase zone, which undergo orderly transformation when heated at medium and low temperatures, making the alloy brittle. In addition, there is a trace amount of lead in the alloy. , bismuth harmful impurities and copper form a low melting point eutectic film distributed on the grain boundaries, causing intergranular cracks during thermal processing. Practice has shown that adding a trace amount of cerium can effectively eliminate mid-temperature brittleness.
Two-phase brass (from 3 to 3), in addition to the phase with good plasticity in the alloy structure, there is also a b solid solution based on electronic compounds. The b phase is highly plastic at high temperatures, while the br phase (ordered solid solution) at low temperatures is hard and brittle in nature. Therefore (+b) brass should be forged in a hot state. B brass with a zinc content greater than ~ is hard and brittle and cannot be press processed.
Mechanical properties
Due to the different zinc content in brass, the mechanical properties are also different. The picture is a curve of the mechanical properties of brass changing with different zinc content. For brass, as the zinc content increases, b and b continue to increase. For (+b) brass, room temperature strength continues to increase as the zinc content increases to approximately. If the zinc content is further increased, the strength will decrease sharply due to the emergence of a more brittle r-phase (compound-based solid solution) in the alloy structure. (+b) The room temperature plasticity of brass always decreases with the increase of zinc content. Therefore, copper-zinc alloys with excessive zinc content have no practical value.
Ordinary brass has a wide range of uses, such as water tank straps, water supply and drainage pipes, medals, bellows, serpentine tubes, condenser tubes, cartridge cases and various complex-shaped stamping products, small hardware, etc. As the zinc content increases from 3 to 3, they can withstand hot processing well and are mostly used in various parts of machinery and electrical appliances, stamping parts, musical instruments, etc.
In order to improve the corrosion resistance, strength, hardness and machinability of brass, a small amount (generally ~, a few up to 3~, and very few up to ~) of tin, aluminum, manganese is added to the copper-zinc alloy , iron, silicon, nickel, lead and other elements form a ternary, quaternary or even quinary alloy, which is complex brass, also known as special brass.
Zinc equivalence coefficient
The structure of complex brass can be calculated based on the zinc equivalence coefficient of the elements added to the brass. Because adding a small amount of other alloying elements to a copper-zinc alloy usually just moves the (+b) phase area in the state diagram to the left or right. Therefore, the structure of special brass is usually equivalent to the structure of ordinary brass with increased or reduced zinc content. For example, the structure after adding silicon to the alloy is equivalent to the structure of the alloy adding zinc to the alloy. So the zinc equivalent of silicon is. The zinc equivalent coefficient of silicon is the largest, which makes the (+b) phase boundary in the system significantly move to the copper side, that is, the phase area is strongly reduced. The zinc equivalent coefficient of nickel is negative, that is, the phase area is expanded.
Performance
The phase and b phase in special brass are multi-complex solid solutions, and their strengthening effect is greater, while the phase and b phase in ordinary brass are simple solid solutions, and their strengthening effect is low. Although the zinc equivalents are equivalent, the properties of multicomponent solid solutions are different from those of simple binary solid solutions. Therefore, a small amount of multi-component strengthening is a way to improve the properties of alloys.
Lead Brass
Lead is actually insoluble in brass and is distributed on the grain boundaries in the form of free particles. Lead brass is divided into two types according to its structure: and (+b). Due to the greater harmful effects of lead and low high-temperature plasticity, lead brass can only be cold deformed or hot extruded. (+b) Lead brass has good plasticity at high temperatures and can be forged.
Tin Brass
Adding tin to brass can significantly improve the heat resistance of the alloy, especially the ability to resist seawater corrosion, so tin brass is also known as navy brass.
Tin can dissolve into copper-based solid solution and play a solid solution strengthening role. However, as the tin content increases, brittle r-phase (compound) will appear in the alloy, which is not conducive to the plastic deformation of the alloy. Therefore, the tin content of tin brass is generally in the range of...
Commonly used tin brass include -, -, -, etc. The former is an alloy with high plasticity and can be processed by cold and hot pressure. The latter two grades of alloys have a (+b) two-phase structure, and often have a small amount of r phase. They have low room temperature plasticity and can only be deformed in a hot state.
Manganese Brass
Manganese has greater solubility in solid brass. The addition of manganese to brass can significantly improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the alloy without reducing its plasticity.
Manganese brass has a (+b) structure, the commonly used ones are -, and the pressure processing performance in cold and hot states is quite good.
Iron brass: In iron brass, iron precipitates in the form of iron-rich phase particles, which serve as crystal nuclei to refine the grains and prevent recrystallized grains from growing, thereby improving the mechanical and process properties of the alloy. . The iron content in iron brass is usually below . Its structure is (+b). It has high strength and toughness, good plasticity at high temperatures, and can be deformed in the cold state. Commonly used grades are.
Nickel Brass
Nickel and copper can form a continuous solid solution and significantly expand the phase area. Adding nickel to brass can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of brass in the atmosphere and seawater. Nickel also increases the recrystallization temperature of brass, promoting the formation of finer grains.
- Nickel brass has a single-phase structure, has good plasticity at room temperature, and can also be deformed in a hot state. However, the content of impurity lead must be strictly controlled, otherwise it will seriously deteriorate the hot working properties of the alloy. .
Chemical composition of brass
It is an alloy composed of copper and zinc.
When the zinc content is less than 100%, zinc can dissolve in copper to form a single phase, which is called single-phase brass. It has good plasticity and is suitable for hot and cold pressure processing. If If the mass fraction of zinc continues to increase, the tensile strength will decrease and it will have no use value
The code is represented by a + number, which represents brass, and the number represents the mass fraction of copper.
For example, if it means brass with a copper content of , and zinc content of , then the word "cast brass" will be in front of the code. For example,
If it means a cast brass with a zinc content of , and the balance is copper.
, single phase, golden yellow, so it is collectively called gold, which is called plating, decorations, medals, etc.
, belongs to duplex brass, which is widely used in structural parts of electrical appliances, such as bolts, nuts, washers, springs, etc.
In general, single-phase brass is used for cold deformation processing and duplex brass is used for hot deformation processing.
Special Brass
The multi-component alloy formed by adding other alloying elements to ordinary brass is called brass. Commonly added elements include lead, tin, aluminum, etc., which can be called lead brass, tin brass, and aluminum brass accordingly. The purpose of adding alloying elements. Mainly to improve tensile strength and improve processability
Code: expressed as + symbol of the main plus element (except zinc) + mass fraction of copper + mass fraction of the main plus element + mass fraction of other elements.
For example, - means that the mass fraction of copper is, the mass fraction of the main additive element lead is, and the balance is lead brass.
Measuring the purity of copper in brass
Measuring the purity of brass can be measured using Archimedes' principle. Measure the volume and mass of the sample, and then calculate it based on the density of copper and zinc. Find the proportion of copper contained in brass.
Remarks
Copper strips, copper rods, copper wires, copper plates, copper tubes, copper bars, copper foil, etc. Special specifications and special materials can be customized.
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