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d%> d= _ d=> Because liver cancer is extremely malignant and progresses rapidly, patients generally have no discomfort in the early stage. Once symptoms appear, they are often in the middle and late stages. In addition, clinical treatment is difficult and the curative effect is poor. Generally, the survival time after onset is only a few months. It is known as the king of cancers. Therefore, preventing liver cancer is particularly important. This article lists some people who are susceptible to liver cancer, hoping to attract the attention of these people and take preventive measures in advance.
1. Patients with post-hepatitis cirrhosis.d/ _Copy
More than % of patients with cirrhosis develop cancer, and most of them are patients with recurrent illness, poor liver function improvement, and frequent complications such as ascites. Therefore, hepatitis should be treated promptly. Hepatitis B can currently be treated with tenofovir. New drugs for hepatitis C are now on the market that can cure hepatitis C.
2. People with a family history of liver cancer
On the one hand, many hereditary diseases that damage the liver, such as pigmentation disease, glycogen storage disease, etc., will develop into cirrhosis and the incidence of liver cancer is also very high. It is believed that familial aggregation of liver cancer is mainly caused by the aggregation of hepatitis B virus. There is currently no evidence that liver cancer is hereditary.
3. Men over 10 years old
The male-to-female ratio of liver cancer incidence is:. In addition, farmers have the highest morbidity and mortality rates due to occupational characteristics. Some people say that liver cancer and gastric cancer are diseases of the poor in China. There is a certain reason why people with poor economic conditions are susceptible to liver cancer.
4. Excessive intake of nitrosamine compounds
Dimethylnitrosamine has been isolated from the food of residents of South Africa, an area with a high incidence of liver cancer. Such compounds can also cause tumors elsewhere, such as esophageal cancer. Therefore, nitrosamine compounds are also classified as one of the causes of liver cancer.
5. Long-term alcoholism
Long-term alcoholism can significantly damage liver cells and lead to malnutrition. The liver is prone to cirrhosis. On the basis of cirrhosis, it can develop into liver cancer. Of course, in addition to the above dietary factors, hepatitis B, parasitic diseases in the liver (such as Clonorchis sinensis), and genetic susceptibility are also closely related to the occurrence of liver cancer. It should be pointed out here that liver cancer is more likely to occur when the above two factors are at play, such as hepatitis B and aflatoxin exposure, the onset will be faster.
Alcohol poisoning can also cause alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis. The reduction of Kupffer cells in alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis can increase the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma.
6. People living in areas with high incidence of liver cancer
China's areas with high incidence of liver cancer are mainly in the southeastern coast such as Fusui in Guangxi, Xiamen in Long'an in Fujian, Qidong in Tong'an in Jiangsu, Chongming and Nanhui in Haimen and Shanghai, etc. On average, at least one person per 10,000 people in the region dies from liver cancer. In addition, the incidence rate of liver cancer along the coast is higher than that in the southeast of the mainland, and in the northeast it is higher than in the southwest and northwest regions.
7. Drinking water is unhealthy
Water is an important substance for maintaining the normal survival of human organisms. Of course, water itself does not cause tumors, but epidemiological surveys have proven that the degree of drinking water pollution is positively correlated with the incidence of liver cancer. There is no doubt that there are carcinogens in the water source, and it may be the joint effect of multiple carcinogens, such as humic acid, blue-green algae toxins, etc.
8. Eating food contaminated with Aspergillus aflatoxin
Many years ago, there was a farm in the UK that fed turkeys with peanut cake that was moldy due to Aspergillus aflatoxin, resulting in the death of 10,000 chicks quickly. Epidemiological studies have proven that the geographical distribution of liver cancer in my country is basically consistent with the distribution of Aspergillus aflatoxin contamination. In areas where grain, oil and food are seriously contaminated with aflatoxin, the incidence and mortality of liver cancer are also higher.
Aflatoxin is a carcinogen suitable for growth and reproduction in high temperature and humid environments. If humans eat some moldy grains for a long time in summer, they will be infected with aflatoxin and liver cancer will appear.
9. Gene Mutation
The effects of mutagens and viruses in the environment stimulate the activation of the liver cell division response pathway, causing cell point mutations and gene translocations, which are possible factors that accelerate the proliferation of cancer cells.
10. Intake of too few trace elements
Current research on the relationship between trace elements and liver cancer has found that liver cancer mortality is negatively correlated with selenium content in the environment and residents’ blood selenium levels. Animal experiments show that selenium can Blocks aflatoxin-induced liver cancer in rats and ducks.
11. Complex factors
Overnutrition (macronutrients) or nutritional deficiency (such as vitamin deficiency), hemochromatosis, parasitic infection and genetics are also risk factors for liver cancer