Year1
- 规格：
- 规格齐全
- 长度：
- 可定尺
Scaffolding refers to various supports erected at the construction site for workers to operate and solve vertical and horizontal transportation. A general term in the construction industry refers to a construction site used on exterior walls, interior decoration, or places where direct construction is impossible due to high floor heights. It is mainly used for construction workers to work up and down or to maintain peripheral safety nets and install components at high altitudes. To put it bluntly, it is to build scaffolding. Scaffolding materials usually include bamboo, wood, steel pipes or synthetic materials. Scaffolding is also used as a template in some projects. In addition, it is also widely used in the advertising industry, municipal administration, traffic roads and bridges, mining and other departments.
During the 2000s and early 1900s, bamboo or wood were used to erect construction scaffolding. Since the 1990s, fastener-type steel pipe scaffolding has been promoted.
Since the 1990s, China has made remarkable achievements in developing advanced and multi-functional scaffolding series, such as portal scaffolding series and bowl-buckle steel pipe scaffolding series. The annual output has reached tens of thousands of tons, and there are already A certain number of exports.
For a long time, due to the relatively backward state of the erection tools themselves, their construction technology and safe use management, the incidence of accidents has been high. Relevant statistics show that among the casualties that occur in China's construction system every year, about/or so are directly or indirectly related to problems with erection tools and their use.
With the increasing maturity and improvement of China's construction market, bamboo-wood scaffolding has been gradually phased out of the construction market, and is still used in some remote and backward areas. Portal scaffolding, bowl-buckle scaffolding, etc. are only used in municipal and bridge projects. It is used in a small number of projects. Zhiyan Consulting estimates that ordinary fastener-type steel pipe scaffolding occupies more than % of China's domestic market due to its advantages such as simple maintenance, long service life, and low investment cost, and has large room for development.
Product classification
, Whether it is removable is divided into mobile and fixed
, Materials are divided into wood, steel and soft ladder
, Tower connection form and use
①The formwork bracket is used to support the formwork, and is built with scaffolding materials
②Single-row scaffolding is referred to as single-row scaffolding, which is a kind of scaffolding with only one row of vertical poles and one end of the horizontal horizontal pole resting on the wall
/> ③Double-row scaffolding is referred to as double-row scaffolding, which is a scaffold composed of two rows of vertical poles and horizontal poles inside and outside
④Decoration scaffolding is used for decoration engineering construction operations
⑤Structural scaffolding is used for masonry and Structural engineering construction operations
⑥Cantilever scaffolding is used for equipment installation or maintenance of cantilever operations
. The nature of construction is divided into construction scaffolding and installation scaffolding
. Blocking size
①Open type only Scaffolding with railings and toeboards on the working floor and no other blocking facilities. It is a popular scaffolding rental in Tianjin.
② Fully enclosed scaffolding that is enclosed along the entire length and height of the outside of the scaffolding.
③Scaffolding with semi-enclosed blocking area accounting for %~%.
④The partial closed occlusion area is less than %.
, Others
① Use short wooden sticks or steel pipes for soft ladder hanging, and ropes are tied to the crossbars. When used, they are fixed at the top. Maintenance of catalytic flues, reactors, regenerators, inclined pipes, etc. often used.
②Mobile hanging ladders and hanging baskets are fixed ladders or hanging baskets that can be moved. They usually have hooks or slides on the top and are hung in a secure location.
Feature Editor
Scaffolding and formwork supports of different purposes are used for the same type of project construction. Most bridge supports use bowl-buckle scaffolding, and some also use portal scaffolding. Most of the floor-standing scaffolding used in the construction of the main structure uses fastener scaffolding. The longitudinal distance of the scaffolding poles is generally .~. The horizontal distance is generally .~.
Compared with general structures, the working conditions of the scaffold have the following characteristics
The load variability is large
The connecting nodes are semi-rigid, and the rigidity of the nodes is closely related to the quality of the fasteners and the quality of the installation. Relatedly, there is a large variation in the performance of the joints
Process flow
Shelf erection process
Position the sweeping pole on the solid foundation elastic line and vertical pole, and fasten it with the sweeping pole. Install the small sweeping horizontal pole, and connect it with the vertical pole. Fasten the pole and sweeping pole. Step 1: Install the large crossbar and fasten it to each vertical pole. Step 1: Install the small crossbar. Step 2: Install the large crossbar. Step 2: Install the small crossbar and add a temporary diagonal brace. The upper end is connected to the pole. The second step is to fasten the large crossbar (remove it after installing the connecting rod with the column). The third and fourth steps are to install the large and small crossbars. Install the second floor tie rods with the columns, connect the vertical rods, add shear braces, lay scaffolding boards and tie them. Protection and foot plate, vertical hanging safety net.
, The tie between the frame and the building (flexible tie)
Uses components such as steel bars, top braces, steel pipes, etc. The steel bars bear the tensile force, and the pressure is transmitted by the top braces, steel pipes, etc.
, safety net
Hanging requirements The safety net should be hung tightly and tied firmly with plastic slings without leaking holes. The connection between the two nets should be tied to the same pole. The safety net should be hung on the inside of the scaffolding.
A closed flat net should be set up between the scaffolding and the construction layer according to the acceptance standards to prevent debris from falling.
Variety Editor
Fastener type
Advantages
Large carrying capacity. When the geometric dimensions and structure of the scaffold comply with the relevant requirements of the specification, under normal circumstances, the load-bearing capacity of the single-tube column of the scaffold can reach ~ (. ~ design value).
Fastener-type steel pipe scaffolding
Fastener-type steel pipe scaffolding
) is easy to assemble and disassemble and flexible to erect. Because the length of the steel pipe is easy to adjust and the fasteners are simple to connect, it can be adapted to scaffolding for buildings and structures of various planes and elevations.
Relatively economical. The processing is simple and the one-time investment cost is low. If the geometric dimensions of the scaffolding are carefully designed and attention is paid to improving the turnover rate of steel pipes, the amount of material used can also achieve better economic results. The fastener steel pipe frame is equivalent to approximately kilograms of construction steel per square meter.
, Disadvantages
The fastener (especially its screw) is easy to lose
The rods at the nodes are eccentrically connected and rely on anti-sliding force to transmit load and internal force, thus reducing its load-bearing capacity
br/>The connection quality of fastener nodes is significantly affected by the quality of the fastener itself and the worker's operation.
, adaptability
Construct various forms of scaffolding, formwork and other support frames
Assemble tic-tac-toe frames
Erect ramps, work sheds, stands and other temporary structures,
As an auxiliary to other types of scaffolding, strengthen rods
, erection requirements pipe fasteners
When erecting scaffolding, attention should be paid to a flat and solid foundation, a base and a pad, and reliable drainage measures to prevent water accumulation. Soak the foundation.
Depending on the setting of the connecting wall poles and the load size, the horizontal distance of the vertical poles of commonly used open double-row scaffolding is generally . Rod longitudinal distance.~. The allowable erection height is ~. When setting for a single row, the horizontal distance of the poles is .~. and the vertical distance of the poles is .~. The allowed erection height is.
The horizontal horizontal pole should be set inside the vertical pole, and its length should not be shorter than the span. The longitudinal horizontal pole can use butt fasteners or overlap. If the butt fastener method is used, the butt fasteners should be arranged in a staggered manner. If an overlap connection is used, the overlap length should not be less than 1, and rotating fasteners should be set at equal intervals for fixation.
At the main node of the scaffold (i.e., the fastening point where the vertical pole, longitudinal horizontal pole, and transverse horizontal pole are close to each other), a transverse horizontal pole must be fastened with right-angle fasteners and removal is strictly prohibited. The center distance between two right-angle fasteners at the main node should not be greater than 1. In double-row scaffolding, the extended length of the end of the horizontal horizontal pole against the wall should not be greater than . Set with equal spacing, the maximum spacing should not be greater than / of the vertical distance.
Scaffolding boards on the business floor should be fully paved and stable, away from the wall. Long and narrow scaffolding boards, such as stamped steel scaffolding boards, wooden scaffolding boards, bamboo string scaffolding boards, etc., should be installed on three horizontal horizontal poles. When the length of the scaffolding board is less than 100 meters, two transverse horizontal rods can be used for support, but the two ends of the scaffolding board should be reliably fixed to prevent tipping. The wide bamboo fence scaffolding boards should be laid with the main bamboo bars perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal horizontal poles, and they should be laid flat butt-jointed. The four corners should be fixed on the longitudinal horizontal poles with galvanized steel wires.
A base or pad should be provided at the bottom of each vertical pole. Scaffolding must be equipped with vertical and horizontal sweeping poles. The longitudinal sweeping pole should be fixed to the vertical pole with right-angle fasteners no larger than the upper surface of the base. The horizontal sweeping pole should also be fixed to the vertical pole immediately below the longitudinal sweeping pole using right-angle fasteners. When the foundations of the vertical poles are not at the same height, the vertical sweeping pole at the high place must be extended by two spans to the lower place and fixed to the vertical pole. The height difference should not be greater than 1. The distance from the pole axis above the side slope to the side slope should not be less than.
Portal steel pipe
Advantages
The geometric dimensions of portal steel pipe scaffolding are standardized.
Portal Steel Tube Scaffolding
Portal Steel Tube Scaffolding
Reasonable structure, good stress performance, full utilization of the strength of steel, and high load-bearing capacity.
It is easy to assemble and disassemble during construction, has high erection efficiency, saves labor and time, is safe, reliable, and economical and applicable.
, Disadvantages
The frame size does not have any flexibility. Any change in the frame size requires the replacement of another type of door frame and its accessories
The cross brace is easy to break at the middle hinge point
br/>Style scaffolding boards are heavier,
more expensive
, adaptable
Construction of shaped scaffolding
As a support frame for beam and plate structures (withstand vertical load)
Construct a movable workbench
and erection requirements
The foundation of portal scaffolding must be compacted, and a drainage slope should be prepared to prevent water accumulation
) The erection sequence of portal scaffolding is to prepare the placement mat for the foundation. The board is placed on the base of the vertical two-piece single-piece door frame, the cross rod is installed, and the scaffolding board is installed. Based on this, the process of installing the door frame, cross bar, and scaffolding board is repeated.
) Portal steel pipe scaffolding should be erected from one end to the other end. The upper step of scaffolding should be carried out after the lower step of scaffolding is erected. The erection direction is opposite to the next step.
) In the second step of scaffolding erection, two gantry frames should be inserted into the end base first, and then fixed with cross rods, lock the locking pieces, and then erect the subsequent gantry frames. After each frame is erected, install it immediately. Upper crossbar and locking cleats.
Scaffolding must be reliably connected to the building.
Scissor braces should be set on the outside of the type steel pipe scaffolding, and they should be set continuously both vertically and longitudinally.
Bowl button type
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