Industrial cleaning agent

Industrial cleaning agents include oil removal cleaning agents, wax removal cleaning agents, liquid crystal cleaning agents, cold removal room temperature cleaning, rust removal cleaning agents, aluminum acid removal and other varieties. Civilian cleaning agents include washing powder, hand soap, soap, dishwashing liquid, all-purpose cleaning agent, etc.
Cleaning agents can be divided into water-based cleaning agents and organic solvent cleaning agents according to different solvents.
Water-based cleaning agents use water as the solvent, such as degreasing cleaning agents, dish soap, washing powder, etc.
Organic solvent cleaning agent solvent is an organic solvent,
⑴ Water-based type
Water is the most important cleaning agent, and it has a role and status that cannot be replaced by any other cleaning agent. Ordinary water is easily obtained from nature, and water has strong dissolving and dispersing power. However, the surface tension of water is large, and surfactants need to be added during use to reduce surface tension and increase surface wettability. In general industrial cleaning, the combination of acid, alkali and water is more common. Some metals need to be added with anti-rust agents in precision and ultra-precision industrial cleaning.
In recent years, there has been severe water shortage in some areas of China, posing challenges to water for cleaning. Some cities have banned the use of ordinary water for car washing, and can only use recycled gray water or water-saving equipment that atomizes water. In precision industrial cleaning, pure water is expensive to prepare. Water washing must be heated and dried, which requires a lot of rinsing stations. It consumes a lot of energy and the operating cost is usually higher than solvent cleaning. In addition, in the past, a large amount of wastewater containing chemical active agents and dirt was directly discharged without treatment. Some also carry highly toxic heavy metals, seriously polluting the environment, and sewage treatment facilities must be added.
⑵ Semi-water-based type
Semi-water-based cleaning agent is also called quasi-water-based cleaning agent. It is composed of high boiling point solvents and active agents such as alcohols, organic hydrocarbons, etc. Semi-aqueous cleaning is somewhat different from solvent cleaning in that its cleaning principle is stripping and removal rather than dissolution. In order to prevent the peeled oil stains from adhering to the objects to be cleaned, the cleaning fluid must be continuously circulated and an oil-water separator must be added.
⑶ Solvent type
Solvent type cleaning agent refers to an organic solvent that is insoluble in water. The non-aqueous cleaning agents used in precision industrial cleaning are mainly organic solvents such as hydrocarbons, petroleum, chlorinated hydrocarbons, fluorinated hydrocarbons, brominated hydrocarbons, alcohols, silicone oils, terpenes and other organic solvents.
A good precision industrial cleaning agent must meet the following conditions
①Stable chemical properties and not easy to react with the objects to be cleaned
②Small surface tension and viscosity, strong penetration
③ Low boiling point, can dry by itself
④No flash point, non-flammable
⑤B value should not be too high to avoid miscibility with the objects being cleaned
⑥Low toxicity, safe to use
⑷ Organofluorides
are transitional substitutes and will eventually be banned. Organic plant systems
There are many types of hydrocarbon organic substances extracted from plants, and the most commonly used ones are turpentine and lemon oil. Turpentine is a relatively representative plant-based hydrocarbon solvent. Found in natural rosin. When rosin is distilled, the distillate is turpentine, and the solid residue is rosin. The main components are pinene and its solubility is between petroleum ether and benzene. It has higher boiling point and ignition point and is safer to use.
Lemon oil is made from citrus. Grapefruit. A hydrocarbon solvent obtained by distillation from lemon fruit peels. After adding active agent, mix with water in any proportion. Its ability to remove oil and dirt is very strong. It is widely used in the United States. Including machining. Vehicle maintenance and degreasing cleaning, bowling lane cleaning, oil tank cleaning. Electronic parts cleaning, etc. In particular, it comes from pure natural fruits and has been recognized by the United States as a food additive. There is no need to worry about residues, and it has been proven to have a bactericidal effect and is applied to food processing machinery. Cleaning of tableware. Beer can cleaning and other fields directly related to food also have good application prospects in civil and household cleaning fields.
Citrus oil has strong compatibility with grease, and can be filtered through cotton gauze to separate oil stains. reuse. The waste liquid can be biodegraded, will not cause pollution, and has low environmental protection costs. The disadvantage is that its oil removal and dissolving ability are too strong. Direct contact with the skin will cause the skin to become de-oiled and dry. Painted objects and many types of plastics and rubber cannot be cleaned directly, as this can easily cause the paint to fall off and dissolve. Japan once used this type of solvent to melt disposable tableware boxes and packaging foam plastics, which are white garbage. It has strong dissolving power.
Relevant units in China have begun the research and application of plant-based cleaning agents. Domestic companies have introduced citrus oil cleaning agents and related cleaning technologies from the United States since this year, and have developed and produced supporting professional cleaning equipment. It has been promoted and applied in mechanical processing and other fields.
Chemical preparations used for industrial dirt cleaning should generally meet the following technical requirements. Cleaning agents used for different cleaning purposes and cleaning objects can have some emphasis or choice on these requirements.
⑴ Cleans dirt quickly and dissolves scale thoroughly. The cleaning agent itself has a strong ability to react, disperse or dissolve dirt, and can remove dirt more thoroughly within a limited construction period.
⑵ Damage to cleaning objects should be within the limits of the production license, and corresponding suppression measures should be taken to prevent possible corrosion of metals.
⑶ The chemicals used for cleaning are cheap and easy to obtain, and based on localized cleaning costs, it does not cause excessive resource consumption.
⑷The cleaning agent is non-toxic or low-toxic to organisms and the environment. The waste gas, waste liquid and waste residue generated should be able to be processed to meet the requirements of relevant national regulations.
⑸ The cleaning conditions should be mild and try not to rely on the strengthening conditions of the attachment port, such as temperature, pressure, mechanical energy, etc. There is no need for excessive requirements.
⑹ The cleaning process does not leave insoluble matter on the surface of the cleaning object, does not produce new stains, does not form new covering layers that are harmful to subsequent processes, and does not affect the quality of the product.
⑺Does not produce foam or odor that affects the cleaning process and on-site hygiene.