Year1
- 工作水温：
- 15-25℃
- 电压：
- 220V
- 排水管道或地漏管径：
- DN25
R
Pure water machine introduction:
< r>The main separation object of the reverse osmosis membrane
is the ions in the solution, without chemicals It can effectively remove salt from water, and the system's salt removal rate is generally above %.
Reverse osmosis is the most advanced, energy-saving and environmentally friendly desalination method, and has also become the mainstream pre-desalination process.
Usually the hardness of pure water produced by household pure water machines can be smaller than that of industrial ones
The core of R pure water machines is < r>R membrane
It is currently recognized that the best R membrane is from the United States Produced by< b/_r_>< r>Dow membrane
R
Pure water machines are usually first-level filtration:
First-level< r>Mian
(used to inhibit scale, rust, impurities, etc.)
The first-level granular activated carbon (used to adsorb chemical substances)
The second-level cotton or compressed activated carbon
The first-level R membrane (key filter element)
Post-stage< r> Coconut shell activated carbon filter element
(used to improve taste)
Pre-[banned words] filtration is pre-treatment, providing qualified source water for R filtration
/> Since R is slow to filter and produce water, it is usually equipped with a pressure water storage barrel
and a pressure switch to control the work and stop of the machine
< b/_r_>< Drinking water equipment
R
Principle of reverse osmosis membrane:
The pore diameter of reverse osmosis membrane is mostly nanometers (), and its separation objects are dissolved ions and organic matter with a molecular weight of several hundred or more.
A membrane that can only pass through solvent but not solute is generally called an ideal< r>semipermeable
membrane
.
When a solvent and a solution (or two solutions of different concentrations) are placed on both sides of the membrane, the pure solvent will naturally pass through the semipermeable membrane and spontaneously move towards the solution (or from a low solution to a high concentration). solution) flows on one side, this phenomenon is called osmosis.
When the osmosis process proceeds to the point where a pressure is generated on the liquid surface of the solution to offset the tendency of the solvent to flow toward the solution, that is, equilibrium is reached. This pressure is called the osmotic pressure of the solution.
The size of the osmotic pressure depends on the type, concentration and temperature of the solution, and has nothing to do with the membrane itself.
In this case, if an external pressure greater than the osmotic pressure is applied to the liquid surface of the solution, the solvent will be opposite to the original osmotic direction and start to flow from the solution to the solvent side. This is the so-called reverse flow. Osmosis (Rr), any separation method of concentrating or purifying solutions based on this principle is generally called reverse osmosis process.
Reverse osmosis is a reverse migration movement of osmosis. It is mainly driven by pressure and relies on the interception of a semipermeable membrane to force the solvent and solute in the solution to separate.
The higher the concentration of the solution, the greater the osmotic pressure value.
The pressure to be applied during the reverse osmosis process, within the allowable range of the system and membrane strength, must be much greater than the osmotic pressure value of the solution, generally several times to nearly dozens of times the osmotic pressure value.
When the aqueous salt solution contacts the surface of the porous semipermeable membrane, a layer of water molecules is selectively adsorbed on the solution interface of the membrane. Under the action of reverse osmosis pressure, pure water flows out through the capillary action of the membrane. And continuously flows out to form an interface pure water layer.
As for the removal of organic matter, it is a screening mechanism. Therefore, this is related to the molecular weight and shape of the organic matter.
Membranes with larger pore sizes are generally used in the ultrafiltration range and are called ultrafiltration membranes. < r>The pores of the ultrafiltration membrane
are, while the pore diameter of the reverse osmosis membrane is.
Therefore, reverse osmosis membrane filtration can better remove various bacteria, such as the smallest bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (): it can also filter out various viruses, such as influenza virus (), and it can also filter out pyrogens ( ).
R
The origin of the development of reverse osmosis:
In 1998, American scientist Rrr accidentally discovered that a seagull took a large sip of seawater from the sea surface while flying at sea. After a few seconds, After spitting out a small mouthful of seawater, doubts arose, because animals that breathe through lungs on land are absolutely unable to drink high-salt seawater. After dissection, it was found that there is a thin film in the body of the seagull. This film is very precise. The seawater is inhaled by the seagull and then pressurized. , and then use pressure to penetrate the water molecules through the membrane and convert it into fresh water, while the seawater containing impurities and highly concentrated salts is spit out of the mouth. This is the basic theoretical framework of the reverse osmosis method in the future
Years from Florida, USA University (rr) is used in seawater desalination and salt removal equipment
,
In 2008, with the support of the US federal government project, rb, a professor at the American University School of Medicine, cooperated with Dr. Rrr to start research on reverse osmosis membranes. According to the priority The capillary adsorption model invented the cellulose acetate membrane for seawater desalination, ushering in a new era of membrane science and technology research and development. Approximately 400 million U.S. dollars a year are invested in research to apply it to astronauts, so that spacecraft do not need to carry a large amount of Drinking water was launched into the sky, and more and more scholars and experts were involved in research work until 2000, making the quality and quantity more refined, thus solving the problems in human drinking water
Since then, there has been a major breakthrough in the development of reverse osmosis membranes . Membrane materials have developed from the initial single asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane to the cross-linked aromatic polyamide composite membrane made by surface polymerization technology. The operating pressure also extends to high-pressure (desalination) membranes, medium-pressure (cellulose acetate) membranes, low-pressure (composite) membranes and ultra-low-pressure (composite) membranes. Since the 1990s, nanofiltration membranes of various materials have been developed.
Who first proposed the term reverse osmosis (rr, R)? There are two theories, one was proposed by the RR research group at California State University, Los Angeles, and first appeared in an engineering report in March 2018. The other was proposed by the RR research group at the University of Florida, and appeared in the 1998 Journal of Science and Technology. In the Saltwater Research Institute’s research and development progress report. Because the research work carried out by the above two groups is completely independent, it is impossible to determine who first proposed the term reverse osmosis. However, the accurate definition of the reversibility of the reverse osmosis process should be attributed to the fact that both R and R are famous physical chemists and are good at chemical engineering thermodynamics.
R
Application scope of reverse osmosis equipment:
Sterility in the pharmaceutical and pharmaceutical industry< r>Pyrogen-free purified water production
Electronic and power industry Ultrapure water
Biomedical water
Chemical cosmetics ingredient water
Brackish water desalination
< r>Electroplating and coating industry
Distribution of solutions used, parts cleaning and rinsing< br/>Cleaning, distribution, cooling water for precision machinery special materials, photoelectric materials, and quartz product industries
Purified drinking water, food and beverage water.
Humidifier, water for chemical experiments.
Types of reverse osmosis membranes:
The upper layer of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes is a thin and dense membrane covered with a thicker porous mesh in the lower layer.
There are two basic types of membranes: cellulose acetate and composite membranes.
The performance of composite membranes is superior to cellulose acetate in many aspects, and cellulose acetate is only used in specific environments. Most reverse osmosis systems operating today use composite membranes.
Dow membrane:
Currently, < r> American Dow membrane
is the best composite membrane.
Yes, no
The filtration precision is Ultra-tiny pore size
It is recommended to rinse first before use, as there is something similar to oil inside
The Dow Chemical Company of the United States is the only company in the world that has both membrane and ion exchange resin separation technologies and products. The company's registered trademark for membrane products is.
Since Dow invented the practical composite membrane for the first time in the world, membrane and application technology have experienced unprecedented development. The development and large-scale application of many fields began with the use of Dow membrane elements. , the brand's < r>reverse osmosis membrane
and< b/_r_>< r>nanofiltration membrane
products are recognized as well-known brands of separation membranes with higher performance, more consistent and more stable performance, and have a market share Ranked first in the world.
The product series covers household components to seawater desalination and new nanofiltration components. It has been proven by long-term use by users that it has long life, stable performance, is not easy to pollute, and has good cleaning recovery. It is only produced in the United States and was the first to pass strict quality certification.
< r>The composite membrane was first successfully developed by the company. Its proprietary membrane chemical material formula and production line enable the diaphragm to have extremely high pressure resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical degradation resistance and the widest range of resistance. It can use ordinary acids and alkalis for powerful and efficient cleaning. Because the cleaning is more thorough, the long-term operating pressure of the membrane system is lower, which can significantly reduce operating costs.
The diaphragm does not have any defects such as pinholes, and there are no patches caused by repairing defects.
The diaphragm desalination is thicker, more uniform and smoother. Components rolled with such a diaphragm are more reliable, have a longer life, and have better long-term stability.
The water inlet channel of the component is wider, the flow is more uniform, and it is not easy to be polluted. Even if pollution occurs, it is easier to clean.
The element membrane leaves are shorter and more numerous, which greatly reduces the local maximum flux value of the membrane and significantly reduces the fouling rate.
The components are sourced from the most advanced fully automated production lines. The company is the only company that has dry component production technology and equipment. The performance of the components produced is more consistent, thus ensuring the long-term reliability of the system. Dry components generally have no shelf life limit and are easier to store. Preservation, therefore it is important to use famous design institutes and engineering companies to always give priority to the Dow brand when designing water treatment projects.
Dow membranes are widely used in fields such as power, petrochemicals, steel, electronics, medicine, food, beverages, municipal administration, and environmental protection. They are used in seawater and brackish water desalination, boiler water supply, industrial pure water and electronic-grade ultrapure water preparation, and drinking purified water production. It plays an important role in wastewater treatment and special separation processes.
R
Renovation of pure water machine:
Reconstruction of R pure water machine from single water outlet to double water outlet
Double water R transformation Purpose:
To enable the pure water machine to produce both pure water and purified water suitable for drinking
Double water R modification method:
In the [banned word] ( ) filter bottle followed by A tee, and remove the booster motor from the first stage and connect it behind the tee
Buy a ceramic filter element and filter bottle, such as the British Royal Doulton, which is good for drinking directly. The other port is connected to the ceramic filter bottle
Buy a double water inlet and double switch faucet, one water inlet is connected to pure water, and the other water inlet is connected to the ceramic filter outlet, so the transformation is successful
Double water R transformation Benefits:
Both pure water (low hardness) and clean purified water (hardness the same as tap water) are available for drinking
Long-term drinking of pure water will cause calcium loss and osteoporosis
In some areas, such as northern China, the hardness of tap water is relatively high, exceeding 100%. The United States, Japan, and Germany stipulate that the hardness of drinking water is between 1 and 2, and the ideal is about 20%.
With Double Water R, you can mix the two types of water to achieve tap water The purpose of physical purification and softening
Using resin to soften water will cause a large amount of salt to enter the water, which is harmful to the body
The transformation of R pure water machine increases the water production volume
Purpose of transformation: increase water production, reduce energy consumption, and reduce wastewater without reducing the life of the R membrane
Principle of transformation: extend R membrane
Method of transformation:
Buy an R membrane and an R filter bottle, connect the concentrated water outlet from the first R filter bottle to the inlet of the second R filter bottle
Connect the pure water outlet of R and the pure water outlet of R with a tee, and then connect them to the small inlet
br/> Connect the wastewater port of R to the wastewater ratio port
Completed
Usually the wastewater ratio of R membrane is:, the water production ratio is: (/), the water production ratio after modification is
Because It is to extend the length of the R membrane without increasing the water pressure, so it will not shorten the life of R
Renovation of the high-pressure switch of the R pure water machine
Reason for modification: due to opening the faucet to release water When the water pressure drops rapidly, the high-voltage switch is closed to start the machine, causing the pure water machine to start frequently, consuming power and reducing the life of the motor
Purpose of modification: when the water is full, the water is released, the machine does not start, and the water pressure needs to be closed to drop to a certain level Start water production only after reaching a certain degree
Modification method:
Buy a tee and a one-way valve (the kind of quick connector)
One-way valve modification: Use a thin piece of your own hair to pass through it For the one-way valve, a small thing should be tied to the water inlet so that the air cannot be blown in the opposite direction
Remove the high-pressure switch, replace it with a tee, connect the one-way valve, and make a pipe plug on the other side of the high-pressure switch. Up
Completed
In this way, you will have a special, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, improved water production, more suitable for daily life, perfect household water purification equipment
I wish you good health
After-sales service
The company implements one-year warranty and lifetime warranty for each set of equipment provided. It has a complete parts library, provides all spare parts, and provides users with relevant Suppliers/manufacturers of equipment and consumable materials
Within one year from the date of acceptance of the equipment, unless there are force majeure factors such as man-made or natural disasters, if the water output fails due to quality problems of the equipment itself, Our company will be responsible for free repair or replacement. Maintenance services after the free maintenance service period will only be charged a reasonable cost.
Before the equipment is debugged and delivered for use, complete operation and maintenance procedures will be provided to customers, free operation and maintenance training will be provided, and a service engineer will be stationed on site to follow and operate the service day after day
During the annual warranty period, service engineers are dispatched every month to check the operating status of the equipment on site, and make irregular phone calls to visit the operating status of the equipment. Outside the warranty period, after-sales service engineers and technicians make regular visits to equipment users, regularly check operation records, and collect feedback information and guidance. Assist users to solve related problems.
Provide users with relevant technical consultation and rational suggestions for reducing operating costs
According to the equipment condition, if our company receives a repair notification, it can be solved by phone, and it needs to be on site within hours. solve.
Contact person: Wang Peng
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