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. . rr 'r '>Theoretically speaking, an attacker can use the above methods to break into any microcontroller with sufficient investment and time. This is a basic principle that system designers should always keep in mind. Therefore, as a design engineer of electronic products, it is very necessary to understand the latest technology of current microcontroller attacks, know yourself and the enemy, and be aware of it, so that you can effectively prevent the products you have spent a lot of money and time to design from being counterfeited by others overnight. occur. We make the following suggestions based on the decryption practice of Husheng Electronics:
: . . rr'r '> () Before selecting an encryption chip, you must fully investigate and understand the microcontroller cracking New advances in technology, including which microcontrollers have been confirmed to be crackable. Try not to use chips that are already crackable or of the same series and model. Choose microcontrollers that use new processes, new structures, and shorter time to market. If they can be used, the cost of cracking them in China is about 100%. In addition, they are currently relatively difficult to decrypt. There are series, and others can also be combined with encryption, so the decryption fee is very high, and the average decryption cost is about 10,000.
: . . rr'r '> () Try not to use a series of microcontrollers, because this type of microcontroller is the most popular in China and has been studied most thoroughly.
: . . rr'r '> ) The original creator of the product generally has the characteristics of large output, so you can choose a relatively rare and unpopular microcontroller to increase the number of counterfeiters. The difficulty of procurement requires the selection of some uncommon microcontrollers, such as R, R microcontrollers and other chips that are difficult to decrypt. At present, there are very few people in China who are familiar with R microcontrollers, so the cost of cracking is also quite high, ranging from about 10,000 to 10,000.
: . . rr'r '> () If the design cost permits, a smart card chip with hardware self-destruction function should be selected to effectively deal with physical attacks and other programs. When designing, adding a time countdown function, such as automatically stopping the operation of all functions until the end of the year, will increase the cracker's cost.
: . . rr'r '> () If conditions permit, two different types of microcontrollers can be used to back up each other and verify each other, thus increasing the cost of cracking.
: . . rr'r '> () Polish off the chip model and other information or reprint other models to make it look like the real one (note that the reverse side should also be erased, For many chips, decryptors can determine the model number from the reverse side, such as B, etc.).
: . . rr'r '> () You can use the undisclosed and unused flag bits or units of the microcontroller as software flag bits.
: . . rr'r '> () Use the middle command to encrypt. In fact, all the information in the world, including English information, does not mention this command. In fact, this is very good. The encryption instruction functions as a two-byte no-operation instruction. The encryption method adds a two-byte or three-byte operation code at the end. Because all disassembly software will not disassemble the instruction, causing normal program disassembly chaos and failure to execute the program. The problem copyist cannot change your source program.
: . . rr'r '>() You should write in the program area the development time of your famous unit and the statement that imitation will be investigated in order to obtain legal protection. When writing your name, it can be random, that is to say, using a certain algorithm. Under different external conditions, your name will be different, such as, etc., which makes it more difficult to disassemble and modify.
: . . rr'r '> () Use a high-end programmer to burn out some of the internal pins. You can also use homemade equipment to burn out the gold wires. This At present, it is almost impossible to decrypt it in China. Even if it is decrypted, it will cost tens of thousands of dollars and require multiple master films.
: . . rr'r '> () Use confidential silicone (epoxy resin potting glue) to seal the entire circuit board, and there are more useless pads on B , some useless components can also be doped into the silica gel, and at the same time, the electronic components of the surrounding circuits should be removed as much as possible.
: . . rr'r '> () Yes, b microcontroller will convert the file to be burned into a file, so that the program space burned into the chip will be automatically Tim, if you are used to B files, you can also use a programmer to change the blank areas to "." In this way, the general decryptor will not be able to find the empty bits in the chip, and will not be able to perform subsequent decryption operations.
<: . . rr'r ': >> Of course, it is impossible to fundamentally prevent the microcontroller from being decrypted. Encryption technology continues to develop, and decryption technology It has also continued to develop. Now, no matter which microcontroller is available, as long as someone is willing to pay for it, it can basically be made. The only problem is the cost and the length of the cycle. Programmers can also protect their development through legal means (such as patents). ).
<: . . rr'r ': >> Zhongtian Yuan Circuit Board Company is a high-tech enterprise in Zhengzhou specializing in the R&D, production and processing of B circuit boards, multi-layer printed boards and aluminum substrates.
We have always put quality first and customer first as our service tenet to provide you with thoughtful service. We welcome all customers and friends to call us for consultation and purchase negotiation!
<: . . rrr 'r ': > > br: % >
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